[quote author="mcs"][quote author="rich"]Can anyone clarify this?[/quote]
If you have 400V in and 300V out how will the TL783 ever find out that the input voltage is above 125V? It has no ground connection , so it can't "measure" the input or output voltage. If you short circuit the output it will find out however, as you will have 400V accross the input/output. So when using the regulators above the "limits" you will have no short circuit protection.
Best regards,
Mikkel C. Simonsen[/quote]
Just read the LM317 data sheet and it said exactly what you just said, if you exceed the voltage range you loose short circuit protection, so the mosfet before the regulator is just away to keep your short circuit protection and still exceed the voltage range.
Thanks