i invested a couple decades into designing tweaky phono preamps back in the '70s/'80s and my take-away from it all is there is far more variability in the cartridges than the electronics. After sourcing a good cartridge the setup matters too. Use a good tone arm/turntable, and pay attention to the termination. Phono carts are inductive in their top end, so the capacitive loading of the preamp input termination matters. Often overlooked is the impact of the additional phono cable capacitance. Using long cables can add a bunch of unwanted capacitance, using funny audiophile cables can have more than or less than expected. So kind of a GIGO situation, the best preamp path doesn't matter if you're feeding it garbage.
Modern opamps have gotten so good that you don't need to raise a sweat to assemble a clean preamp path. There are a number of decent published designs, including a couple of mine, while mine are probably over engineered for the task. use a decent modern audio grade opamp, with precision linear RIAA feedback components and you will be fine.
I'd love to give you chapter and verse about phono preamp design, but yawn... start with a good cart it matters more..
JR