W.r.t. linear: less THD, giving a more exact (but amplifier) reproduction of what comes in. That's all obvious of course, so I'm not sure if I understand your question.
It'll depend on the exact mic-pre circuit, but say you have a differential pair (2*BJT), which is voltage in, current out. The load-resistors do a I-to-V-conversion so the total is V-in, V-out. The diff-pair will not do an exact V-to-I over it's whole input-range, so distortion arises. Read up on diff-pairs etc, to get the whole story.
So more specific: an amp can be described by:
V_out = K*V_in
...and you hope 'K' is constant. But mostly it isn't. How 'linear' it is says something about how constant it is. It's in fact the same, linear & constant. Imagine a V_out vs V_in graph. If K was constatnt the graph is a straight line. And then the voltage-relationship is said to be linear.
Sorry for all those words I'm using here to explain; as they say too little time to write a short message.
Regards,
Peter