First of all, power it up with the complete mic body and see if it *really* doesn't work. Quite a number of mics given to me as defective were in fact fine. If it doesen't work, try to find out what exactly it is that doesn't work.
Always check for bad connections and ripped off leads first. In particular, check the XLR connector leads.
As Gus said, this circuit is based on the Schoeps circuit so forget the schematic posted above and look for the Schoeps schematic and/or the MXL 603 schematic (which is a simplified version of the Schoeps circuit).
The JFET (Q1) near the capsule works as a phase splitter. Q2 and Q3 are emitter followers for each leg of the phase splitter.
Q4 is part of the voltage converter circuit, which isn't part of the audio circuit, really, but produces a around 60V for capsule polarization. This DC-DC-Converter has very low current capabilities, so you probably won't read 60V on your meter, as your meter will load it down somewhat.