> An EL34 sounds like an odd substitution since its a pentode and a KT88/6550 is a beam tetrode.
The difference is in the patents. RCA invented a different (not particularly better) way to build a pentode with beam-forming plates instead of a wound grid. They had the tradename Beam Power Pentode. The shape of the electric field is a little different, but it is still a pentode. The grid-cathode interface is isolated from plate swings by G2, plate secondary emission does not bounce back to G2. The so-called Beam Tetrode is also a pentode.
The 6L6 and 6550 families are high-strung with a hard knee. The EL34 has less severe grid control and goes a little triode around the knee. It makes less power, over a wider range of impedances, and for most useful loads it goes soft before it clips.
> In the KT88 the beam forming plates are internally connected to the cathode, whereas in the EL34 you need an external connection from cathode to suppressor grid.
Yeah, you have to check all the pin connections any time you change tubes. H and K are the same place on most octals, and P and G1 are the same on most power octals, but G2 ends up anyplace and G3 may or may not be strapped to K.
> I'd be more worried about the max plate voltage on an EL34
The factory claimed 800V and the app sheet showed 100 Watts from a single pair. To get there you HAD to have regulated 800V and a just-right load: if anything was a little off, instant melt-down. And some folks say 800V is just too much for the octal base, even with ribs.
> The 6550 and KT88 are designed for higher voltages and power dissipation.
A genuine 6550 has a larger plate of the best plate-stuff, and the 35W-40W rating is conservative. EL34 is 25W rating: they take more, but 35W is way too much for good life.
If you really bias an SVT for 25mA and 600V, that's only 15 watts per plate at idle. No reason a EL34 could not idle that way. Dissipation would be higher at full power: an SVT with EL34s cranking full power sine waves would not last decades like good 6550 do. But it might groove on music all night: if not clipping, it would just be hot; if turned past "11" grinding out pure square-wave distortion the dissipation actually goes down.
No 6L6 is rated 600V, but good late-1950s 6L6GC will stand it. 7027 is another good POWER-tube and has decent voltage ratings, but you gotta check the wiring on the socket. 8417 is a high-gain 6550: do NOT put 8417 in any amp you love or even like, unless you know the risks.
Youse guys think an SVT is a big amp. The 8417, if you can tame it, makes as much power as 6550. For a while I was road-showing with a dozen 8417s in three uprated Bogen PA amps, retired from kine duty. Something over 450 Watts of glass and iron. That's not what killed my back, but hefting those beasts sure was not a healing experience.